Automatic window.



No. 845,767. PATENTED MAR. 5, 1907.

T. I. DUFFY.

AUTOMATIC WINDOW.

APPLICATION IILED APR.24,1906.

7 2 SHEBTSSHEET 1. 5 f l I [i If II I 4 7 l e T. I. DUFFY. AUTOMATIC WINDOW.

' APPLICATION FILED APR.24,1906.

PATENTED MAR. 5, 1907.

kn/wvwg UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

THOMAS I. DUFFY, or CHICAGO, ILLINoIs, ASSIGNOR TO VOIGTMANN & COMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINoIs, A COPARTNERSHIP.

AUTOMATIC W|NDOW-..

To n whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,T1IoMAs I. DUFFY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Windows, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in automatic windows, and refers more specifically to improvements in fireproofvs'indows of that type in which one or both of the sash are pivoted in such manner as to automatically swing shut by gravity when released.

Among the salient objects of the invention are to provide a stop mechanism which performs the combined function of rendering the sashweatherproof and at the same time automatically and positively locking the sash in closed position; to 'providein' such a mechanism an arrangement whereby the entire weight of the stop mechanism contributes .to the certainty of locking movement thereof; to provide a construction in which the releaseof the sash to permit it to open is effected by withdrawing the stops and the opening of the sash serves to automatically hold the stops retracted; to provide a construction in which the locking mechanism (the stop mechanism) is wholly concealed within and protected by the sash and frame structure, thereby insuring that the sash will remain looked under any degree of exposure to heat short of that which actually disintegrates the frame; to provide a window of the character referred to characterized by its simplicity of construction and freedom from expensive and di'llicult-to-Inanufacture parts; to ro vide a construction in which the sto s an cooperative mechanism thereforare a l readily accessible and capable of being removed for inspection or repair after the window has been installed in a building; to rovide a construction in which the retraction of the stops and unlocking of the movable sash is effected by applying a direct pull to a simple leverin such manner that the same force which unlocks the mechanism serves also to draw the window into open position; to provide a construction which has all of the characteristics of certainty in its automatic closing action which have pertained to prior art structures, and in general to provide a simple and improved mechanism of the character referred to.

Specification of Letters Patent. application filed April 24,1906. Serial No. 313,490.

Patented March 5, 1907.

To the aboveends the invention consists 1n the matters hereinafter described, and

more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention will bemore readily understood from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawin s, in which igr re 1 is an inside elevation of a window embodying the invention. Fig. 2 isa vertical sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows, but showing the sash open. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a fragmentary part of the window structure, taken in a plane parallel with the plane ,of the window and extended through the stop-recess, certain parts being broken away to expose other parts in the rear thereof. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical detail taken on line 4 4 oftFig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3 and looking downwardly.

Referring to thedrawings, 1 designates as a whole the window-frame which, as usual in windows of fireproof structure, is made of sheet metal formed up to provide a hollow casing, the side members 2 2 ofwhich' are joined with the top and bottom members 3 and 4 by means of joints riveted or otherwise secured against separation by fire. In the preferred embodiment. shown the side frame members 2 are formed -in chief of a single piece shaped to provide an inner fiat face or sash-frame seat 5, located about midway of the width of the casing over all, a groove or channel 6, located in said seat 5 and extending laterally outward, a rabbeted shoulder or retreating surface 7 extending along one.

margin of the seat 5, inner and outer faces 8 and 9, res ectively, which define the outer planes of t e frame, and returned ortions 10 and 11, which are interlocked wit tie-pieces 12 extending across the laterally outer sides of the frame. The tie-pieces 12 of the side frame members may desirably be provided with integral outstanding anchor-flanges 13, as seen clearly in Fig. 5.

The top frame member 3 is in cross-sec tional form substantially similar to the side frame members, as seen clearly in Fig. 4:. The bottom frame member 4 when designed as a part of a window having a stationary lower sash, as inthe present instance, is of movable sash is provided with stop-receiving grooves to register with those of the outer frame, as will now be described. As shown clearly in the drawings, the side stiles 19 and the upper and lower rails 20 and 21, respectively, are each of hollow sheet-metal construction and provided in their inner faces with channels 22 and 23 for the reception of the glazing. The channel 23 in the to rail 20 has an open bottom, so that the e ge of the glazing may be inserted therein far enough to enable the opposite edge to be brought into register with the channel of the bottom rail and then shifted downwardly into engagement with the latter in a manner'well understood by those familiar with this art, and for the same reason the vertical'muntins 24 and 25 are of two-part construction, so that the outer members thereof may be applied after the glazing has been seated.

The side stiles 19 and the top rail 20 of the movable sash are each provided in their outer faces with stop-grooves, as 26 and 27, arranged to register with the corresponding stop-grooves of the outer frame members.

()ne of the most important features of the present invention resides in the peculiar arrangement of the stop mechanism, whereby the stops not only serve the usual function or closing and making weatherproof the iomts "between the sash and frame, but in addition thereto form an automatic locking mechanism which holds the sash closed in 'an'extremely reliable manner. Describing this mechanism and referring more particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, within each of the side members of the main frame are seated a pair of link-supporting brackets 28, each of which consists of a U-shaped sheet-metal member inserted from the inner face of the side frame laterally outward and having its sides 23 in the same plane or in register with the sides of the stop-groove 6. (See Fig. 5.) The ends 30 of the U-shaped bracket are turned in opposite directions, so as to overlie the inner face of the side frame member, and are cured in position by overlying integral clips 31, as shown clearly in Fir. These brackets are of a depth somewh eater than the de th of the stop-groove and. between the sid e walls of each-bracket near its laterally outer side is pivoted a link 32, which if ks are at their opposite ends pivoted to and carry the corresponding stop member The links are inclined obliquely upwardly froi' their pivotal axes 34 to their points of attachment 35 with the stop and areparallel with each other, so that the bodily move,

'ment of the stop inwardly and outwardly is in arallelism with the side frame and side rai of the sash. In the preferred'construction shown the stops 33 are made of sheet metal and U-shaped in cross-section, thelinks being inserted between the two sides of each stop and the closed edge of the stop slightly rounded, as shown clearly in the drawings. ally similar sto 36 is arranged within the stopgroove 6 of t e top frame member 3, and this stop is operatively connected with the upper ends ofthe side stops 33 by means ofsliding connections which permit lateral bodily movement of the side stops concurrently with the rising-and-falling movement of the upper stop In the construction shown this is effected by providing transverse apertures 37 in the upper ends of the side stops, through which are extended the reduced ends 38 of the upper stop, the parts being free to slide upon each other. The lower edge of the upper stop is rounded both as a matter-of convenience of construction and for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

It will be obvious that if the upper stop be lifted bodily it will, through its connections with the side stops, lift the latter, and thereby cause them to move laterally outward and out of engagement with the grooves of the sash. In order to thus lift the upper stop, a lever 39 is pivotally mounted between its ends upon a bracket 40, mounted upon the inner faee'of the top rail of the sash about mid-length of'the rail, (see Fig. 2,) and one end of this lever extends through a suitable opening in the sash in position to intelsect the stop-groove of the sash-rail and underlie the stop. The opposite endof the lever projects outwardly, and an operating-chain 4A is connected therewith, this chain being provided with the usual fusiblelink 42. Upon pulling down the lever 39 the upper stop is elevated and carried out of engagement with the top rail of the sash, and simultaneously A gener- IIC the side stops are retracted and disengaged.

A continued ull on the chain draws the upper edge of tfie sash inwardly into the tilted position shown in Fig. 2, and in order that the lever may slide freely out of engagement with the lower edge of the upper stop it is rounded off, as to form an inclined surface 43. The inclined surface 43 of the lever also depresses the latter and allows it to automatically pass under the edge of the stop in the closing movement of the sash. As soon as the sash begins to open the laterally outer faces thereof assume an angle to and extend across the inner edges of the side stops 33, and obviously the latter cannot move inwardly until the sash is againbrought into register with them-11 (2., brought into closed position. The'fact that the side stops are by gravity. To this end pivotlates 44 are.

secured to the respective side rai s of the sash mid-length of the latter, each pivot-plate having an outstanding eye 45, within which is rigidly seated a pivot-stud 46. The pivotstuds extend laterally outward and enter pivot-apertures in corresponding bracketstraps 47, which are mounted upon the res ective side frame members, as shown early in the drawings. In order to limit the tilting movement of the sash and revent its being inadvertently reversed, a limitingchain 48 is connected with the lower end of one of'the bracket-straps 47 and with the corresponding end of the pivot-plate 44. This chain is detachably hooked to one of these members, so ,that in case it be desired to reverse the window for washing or other purposes it can readily be effected.

It will be understood from the fore 0mg description that a construction embo ying my invention accomplishes the several objects hereinbefore: set forth and is at the same time neat and finished in appearance and devoid of complicated mechanism and possible difficulty to construct. .Windows of this character are largely used as protection against fire, and the simplicity of parts, positiveness of action of the locking mechanism, and absolute security with which the arts are locked in closed osition is of muc im portance, it having een found that when fireproof windows are subjected to severe exposures the. distortion and warping is so great that c tches and the like cannot safely be relied u on to hold the window closed. Moreover such windows are frequently subjected to the action of streams of water from hose, and where the locking mechanism is exposed it is liable to be released by the impact of the water.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In a window, the combination of a window frame, a sashframepivotally mounted therein to oscillate on a transverse axis located between the, ends of .the sash, stops mounted upon the'windowframe at each side of the sash and adapted to enter 'sto grooves in the latter, upwardly and inwardly inclined parallel links pivotally supporting each of said stops upon the window-frame, and means for simultaneously lifting the stops to effect their withdrawal from the sas 2. In a window, the combination of a win dow-frame, a sash-frame pivotally mounted rated between the ends of the sash, stops mounted upon the window-frame at each side of the sash and adapted to enter stopgrooves in the latter, upwardly and inward y inclined parallel links pivot-ally supporting each of said stops upon the window-frame, and means for simultaneously lifting the stops to effect their withdrawal from the sash, said means comprising a horizontal bar extending between and operatively connected with the corresponding ends of the side stops and a lever operatively engaging said bar.

3. In a window, the combination of a window-frame provided in itsinner vertical sides .with stop-grooves, a sash-frame pivotally mounted therein and provided-in its outer lateral sides with stop-grooves adapted to register with the corresponding grooves of window pivotally mounted to oscillate in planes parallel with the sto grooves of the frame and inclined upwardly and inwardly from their pivotal points of attachment to the frame, side stops supported by the sets of parallel links at each side, an upper transverse stop having sliding engagement with the upper end of each side stop and adapted to enter a stop-groove inthe upper side of the sash-frame, and an actuating mechanism for positively lifting said upper stop and connected side stops.

. 4. In a window, the combination of a window-frame and a sash-frame pivotally mounted therein upon a transverseaxis, said window-frame being provided in its inner perimeter surrounding the sash-frame at each side of the latter and across the u per end thereof with stopooves and the sashframe being provi ed with corresponding stop-grooves adapted to register with those of the window-frame when the sash is in closed position, stops shiftably mounted in each of said several grooves of the windowframe, a pair of parallel links 'pivotallyconnected with each side stopgroove and also pivotally connected with the window-frame at points laterally remote from the stops, operative connections between the upper ends of the side stops and the corresponding I ends of the upper transverse stop, said connections comprising guide-openings in the side stops and extensions of the upper stop sliding endwise within said guide-openings, and means for shifting said upper stop bodily into and out of engagement with the groove of the sash-frame. a I

5. In a sheet-metal window, the combination of a hollow window-frame having its inher perimeter at each side and across the upper end formed with a sto groove, the sides whereof are parallel with t 1e plane of the win- -dow, divided link-brackets seated in each 'side of the window-frame in register with the stop-grooves thereof, the sides of said brackets extending laterally outward from the inthe frame, parallel links at each side of the ner perimeter of the window beyond the lat- I in said grooves, each stop being formed of eral bottoms of the stop-grooves, parallell links pivotally mounted in the laterally outer portions of said brackets and extending obliquely upwardly and inwardly from'their points of pivotal attachment, a side stop piv otally connected w-ith'the innerand upper ends of the links at each side of the window, an upper transverse stop movably mounted in the upper frame member of the window, sliding connections between the respective ends of said upper stop and the corresponding side stop, means for lifting said upper stop member bodily and thereby retracting the side stops, and means controlled by the.

pivoted sash for holding the several stops retracted so long as the sash is in open or partiaIly-open position.

6. In a window, the combination of a window-frame, a sash-frame pivotally mounted therein to oscillate on a transverse axis located intermediate the height of the sash, said sash being provided with lateral stopgrooves and astop-groove across its upper end, stops mounted upon the window at each side of the sash, and a third stop mounted upon the window-frame and extending across the upper end of the sash, means guiding said lateral stops to move in a bodily downward and inward direction whereby they are caused to enter the sash as they descend and retract from the sash as they ascend, and in' terconnections between the upper ends of the lateral stops and the corresponding ends of the upper sto wherebythey are all retracted simultaneous y.

7. In a sheet-metal window, the combination of a hollow window-frame having its inner perimeter at each side of the sash-open i-ng formed with a stopgroove, the sides whereof are parallel with the plane of the window, a Ushaped bracket seated in the stop-groove at each side of the window having its terminal arms or ends turned oppositely outward and resting against the face of the window-frame, and means uniting said outturned' ends rigidly with the frame.

8. In a window, the combination of a window-frame provided in its inner vertical sides with stop-grooves, a sash-frame provided with grooves adapted to register with corresponding grooves of the frame, and stops seated in said grooves, each stop being formed of sheet metal folded uponitself along a longitudinal line to form a double-thick stop, and stopsupports movably supporting said stops for lateral shifting movement, each support having its stop-engagingend inserted and secured between the two sides of the folded stop.

9. Ina window, the combination of a window-frame provided in its inner'vertical sides with stop-grooves, a sash-frame provided with grooves adapted to register with corresheet metal folded upon itself along a longitudinal line to form a double-thick stop, and a pair of supporting-links pivotally connected with each stop and with the windowframe, said links having their stop-engaging ends inserted between the two sides of the folded stop, substantially as described.

10 In a window, the combination of a window-frame provided in its inner perimeter with stop-grooves, a sash-frame pivotally mounted therein provided in its outer margin with stop-grooves adapted to register with corresponding grooves of the frame, and stops operatively mounted in said members, each stop being formed of a strip of sheet metal folded upon itself along a longitudinallyex tended line to form a rounded edge, and the stop-groove of that member receiving said rounded edge being correspondingly rounded at its bottom, substantially as described.

11. In a window, the combinationo'f a window-frame provided in its inner vertical sides and across its top with stop-grooves, a sash frame pivotally mounted therein and provided in its outer lateral margins and across its top with stoprooves and adapted to register with corresponding grooves of the frame, stops .operatively mounted in the respective stop-grooves of the window-frame; means guiding the lateral stops to move in a bodily downward and inward direction, and interconnections between the upper ends of the lateral stops and the ends of the upper stop lateral stops, and socket-engaging extensions upon the upper stop engaging said sockets.

12. In a window, the combination of a window-frame provided in its inner vertical sides and across its top with stop-grooves, a sashframe pivotally mounted therein and provided in its outer lateral margins and across its top with stop-grooves and adapted to register with corresponding grooves of the frame, stops operatively mounted in the respective stop-grooves of the window-frame, means guiding the lateral stops to move in a bodily downward and inward direction, interconnections between the upper ends of the lateral stops and the ends of the upper stop comprising transverse socket-openings in the lateral stops, socket-engaging extensions upon the upper stop engaging said sockets, and means for operating said'st'ops comprising a lever pivotally mounted between its ends uponthe upper rail of the sash and extend-v ing within the sash and underl ing the upper stop, the stop-engaging end 0 said'lever being inclined to form a cam-like surface adapted to bodily pass into and out of engagea dow-frame, a sash-frame pivotally mounted therein to oscillate on a transverse axis 10- sponding grooves of the frame, stops'seated l oated between the ends of the sash and procated intermediate the hei ht of the sash, said sash-frame being provi ed across its top With a stop-groove and the Window-frame also provided with a stop-groove adapted to register with that of the sash when the latter is in closed osition, a stop mounted to rise and fall b0 'ly within said grooves, and a 20 leverage mechanism arranged to retract said stop and release the sash.

THOMAS I. DUFFY. Witnesses:

FRANK G. BELKNAP, EMILIE Rosn 

